Organic Chemistry

Nomenclature:

-Organic Chemistry is the study of Carbon Compounds
-Carbon forms multiple bonds
-Carbon compounds can form chains, rings or branches
-There are less than 100,000 non-organic compounds
-Organic compounds number more than 17,000,000
-The simplest organic compounds are made of carbon and hydrogen

        H
         I
H  -  C  -  H             CH₄
         I
        H


-Saturated Compounds have no double and triple bonds
- Compounds with only single bonds are called Alkanes and always end in "ane"

Nomenclature


-There are 3 strategies of organic compounds
1. straight chains
2. cyclic chains
3. aromatics

Straight Chains

-Rulers for naming straight chain compounds

1. Circle the longest continuous chain and name this as the base chain
2. Number the base chain so side chains have the lowest possible numbers
3. Name each side chain using the "yl" ending
4. Give each side chain the appropriate number
-If there are more than one identical side chain numbers/ labels are slightly different
5. List side chains alphabetically


A more visual explanation:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ORrrHKr1OE