-Today, the most common system is IUPAC for most elements like,
- Ions
- Binary Ionic
- Polyatomic Ions
- Molecular Compounds
- Hydrates
- Acids/Bases
-Beware of the differences between Ion and Compound Formulas
Eg.
Zn^2+ (The 2+ means an Ion Charge)
BaCl2 (The 2 means the number of Ions)
Multivalent Ions
-Some elements can form more than one ion.
-Eg. Iron > Fe^3+ or Fe^2+
-Eg. Copper > Cu^2+ or Cu^1+
-The top number on the P.T. (Periodic Table) is more common
-IUPAC was uses roman numerals in parenthesis to show the charge
-Classical (i.e. Old) systems uses latin names of elements and the suffixes like '-ic' (larger charge) and '-ous' (smaller charge)
-Eg. Ferric Oxide
/\
Refers to Iron (Fe)
'-ic' refers to larger charge
So iron's charge would be +3 not +2
Other Classical Names
-Ferr - Iron
-Cupp - Copper
-Mercur - Mercury
-Stann - Tin
-Aunn - Gold
-Plumb - Lead
Eg. FeCl2 - Ferrous Chloride
SnO2 - Stannic Oxide
Pb(NO3)2 - Plumbous Nitrate
Hydrates
-Some compounds can form lattice that bond to water molecules
-Copper Sulfate
-Sodium Sulfate Without water, the compounds is often preceeded by 'anhydrous'
-These crystals contain water inside them which can be released by heating
-To name hydrates
- Write the name of the chemical formula
- Add a prefix indicating the number of water molecules (mono, di, tri, tetra, penta etc..)
- Add hydrate after the prefix
Molecular Compounds
-Write names of the following compounds
N2O4 - Dinitrate Tetraoxide
Naming Acids/Bases
-Hydrogen compounds are acids
HCl > Hydrochloric acid
Naming Bases
-Caution and OH
-NaOH - Sodium Hydroxide
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